However, posterior nosebleeds originates from the sphenopalatine artery which is present in the posterior part of the nasal canal. Posterior epistaxis usually presents in old individuals.
First-Aid at Home for Epistaxis
- Remember to stay calm. Most nose bleeds are benign and will stop with simple measures.
- Sit upright and lean your head forward. Tilting your head backward will cause you to swallow the blood.
- Pinch your nose for about 10 minutes. This simple application of pressure should stop most bleeds.
- Once the bleeding has stopped, try to prevent any further irritation to the nose for the next 24 hours. Avoid sneezing, blowing your nose, picking your nose or straining.
- Avoid prolonged exposure to dry air. Using a humidifier and avoiding air-conditioned environments will help keep the nasal mucosa from drying out and triggering more bleeding.
Nursing Diagnosis Nursing Care Plan for Epistaxis
Ineffective Airway Clearance
Goal: to be effective airway clearance
Expected Outcomes: Frequency of normal breathing, no additional breath sounds, do not use additional respiratory muscles, dyspnoea and cyanosis does not occur.
Independent
- Assess the sound or the depth of breathing and chest movement.
Rational: Decreased breath sounds may lead to atelectasis, Ronchi, and wheezing showed accumulation of secretions. - Note the ability to remove mucous / coughing effectively
Rational: bright lumpy or bloody sputum may result from damage to lungs or bronchial injury. - Give Fowler's or semi-Fowler position.
Rational: Positioning helps maximize lung expansion and reduce respiratory effort. - Clean secretions from the mouth and trachea
Rational: To prevent obstruction / aspiration. - Maintain a fluid inclusion at least as much as 250 ml / day unless contraindicated.
Rational: Helping dilution of secretions.
Collaboration
- Give medication in accordance with the indications mucolytic, expectorant, bronchodilator.
Rational: Mucolytic to reduce cough, expectorant to help mobilize secretions, bronchodilators reduce bronchial spasms and analgesics are given to reduce discomfort.
