Hypertension management aims to prevent morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular complications associated with the achievement and maintenance of blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg.
Nursing Management of Hypertension
Without drug therapy
Without drug therapy, are used as measures for mild hypertension and as a supportive action in moderate and severe hypertension. Without drug therapy include:
Diet
The recommended diet for people with hypertension are:
- Moderate salt restriction of 10 g / day to 5 g / day
- Diets low in cholesterol and low saturated fatty acid
- Weight loss
- Decrease in ethanol intake
- Stop smoking
- Diets high in potassium
Physical Exercise
Physical exercise or sports are organized and directed that recommended for patients with hypertension is a sport that has four principles:
- Various forms of exercise that is isotonic and dynamic as running, jogging, cycling, swimming etc.
- A good exercise intensities between 60-80% of aerobic capacity or 72-87% of maximum pulse rate, called the exercise zone. Maximum pulse rate can be determined by the formula 220 - age.
- The duration of training ranged from 20-25 minutes in the training zone
- Training frequency should be 3 x per week, and most preferably 5 x per week.
Psychological Education
Provision of psychological education for hypertensive patients include:
1. Biofeedback techniques
Biofeedback is a technique used to show the signs on the subject of a state body that is consciously by the subjects considered normal.
The application of biofeedback is mainly used to cope with somatic disorders such as headaches and migraines, as well as for psychological disorders such as anxiety and tension.
2. Relaxation techniques
Relaxation is a procedure or technique that aims to reduce tension or anxiety, by training people to be able to learn to make the muscles in the body become relaxed
Health Education (Counseling)
The purpose of health education is to improve patients' knowledge about hypertension and its management so that patients can maintain life and prevent further complications.
Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output related to Hypertension
Pathophysiology of Hypertension
Hypertension Nursing Care Plan : Assessment, Diagnosis and Interventions
Nursing Care Plan for Hypertension in Pregnancy
