Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, and eventually even the ability to carry out the simplest tasks. In most people with Alzheimer’s, symptoms first appear after age 60.
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia among older people. Dementia is the loss of cognitive functioning—thinking, remembering, and reasoning—to such an extent that it interferes with a person’s daily life and activities. Estimates vary, but experts suggest that as many as 5.1 million Americans may have Alzheimer’s.
nia.nih.gov
Nursing Care Plan for Alzheimer's Disease : Assessment of Alzheimer's Disease
1. Activity / rest
Signs: anxiety, helplessness, sleep pattern disturbance, lethargy and impaired motor skills.
Symptoms: feeling melting
2. Circulation
Symptoms: History of cerebral vascular disease / systemic, hypertension, embolic episodes
3. Ego integrity
Signs: hide incompetence, sit down and
watch the other, the first activity might accumulate
objects are not moving and emotional stability
Symptoms: suspicious or afraid of the situation / person fantasies, misperceptions of the environment, loss of multiple.
4. Elimination
Signs: Incontinence of urine / feaces
Symptoms: The urge to urinate
5. Food / fluid
Signs: loss of ability to chew, avoiding / refusing to eat and looked increasingly thin.
Symptoms: Historical episodes of hypoglycemia, changes
in taste, appetite, weight loss.
6. Hygiene
Signs: a lack of personal habits, forget to go to the bathroom and less interested in eating time
Symptoms: Need help, depending on other people
7. Neuro Sensory
Symptoms: Improvement of symptoms that exist primarily
cognitive changes, loss of sensation and existence propriosepsi
history of cerebral vascular disease / systemic as well as seizure activity.
8. Comfort
Signs: ekimosis laceration and a sense of hostile / attack others
Symptoms: A history of serious head trauma,
accident trauma
9. Social Integrity
Signs: Loss of social control, inappropriate behavior
Symptoms: Feeling lost power
Source : http://nursing-assessment.blogspot.com/2011/05/nursing-assessment-for-alzheimers.html
Nursing Care Plan for Alzheimer's Disease : Nursing Interventions for Alzheimer's Disease
1. Nursing Diagnosis : Risk for Injury related to:
- Unable to recognize / identify hazards in the environment.
- Disorientation, confusion, impaired decision making.
- Weakness, the muscles are not coordinated, the presence of seizure activity.
Nursing Intervention :
- Assess the degree of impaired ability of competence emergence of impulsive behavior and a decrease in visual perception.
- Help the people closest to identify the risk of hazards that may arise.
- Eliminate / minimize sources of hazards in the environment
- Divert attention to a client when agitated or dangerous behaviors like getting out of bed by climbing the fence bed.
Rational:
- Impairment of visual perception increase the risk of falling. Identify potential risks in the environment and heighten awareness so that caregivers more aware of the danger.
- An impaired cognitive and perceptual disorders are beginning to experience the trauma as a result of the inability to take responsibility for basic security capabilities, or evaluating a particular situation.
- Maintain security by avoiding a confrontation that could improve the behavior / increase the risk for injury.
- Irreversible neuro degeneration
- Memory Loss
- Psychological Conflict
- Deprivation lie
Nursing Intervention :
- Assess the level of cognitive disorders such as changes orientasiterhadap people, places and times, range, attention, thinking skills.
- Talk with the people closest to the usual behavior change / length of the existing problems.
- Maintain a nice quiet neighborhood.
- Face-to-face when talking with patients.
- Call patient by name.
- Use a rather low voice and spoke slowly in patients.
Rational:
- Provide the basis for the evaluation / comparison that will come, and influencing the choice of intervention.
- Noise, crowds, the crowds are usually the excessive sensory neurons and can increase interference.
- Cause concern, especially in people with perceptual disorders.
- The name is a form of self-identity and lead to recognition of reality and the individual.
- Increasing the possibility of understanding.
Nursing Assessment for Alzheimer's Disease
Nursing Diagnosis for Alzheimer's Disease
